We like to think of ourselves as rational creatures. We imagine our minds as truth-seeking instruments—mini scientists carefully weighing evidence, updating beliefs, and following facts wherever they lead. This is how we experience  our thinking from the inside: measured, reasonable, and fair. But this is largely an illusion. From an evolutionary perspective, the human mind did not evolve to discover truth. It evolved to help us survive and reproduce. Truth was useful only in

In a recent post (" You Can’t Stop Thoughts… But You Can Stop Thinking") I outlined four steps to stoping rumination: Spot the hand-off:...

When people come to therapy, the question is often some version of, “How do I get rid of this?”  How do I stop the anxiety? How do I beat...